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A cup of water at an initial temperature of 81°C is placed in a room at a constant temperature of 24°C. The temperature of the water is measured every 5 minutes during a half-hour period. The results are recorded as ordered pairs of the form (t, T), where t is the time (in minutes ) and T is the temperature (in degrees Celsius).
t T
0 81
5 69
10 60.5
15 54.2
20 49.3
25 45.4
30 42.6
a. Subtract the room temp. from each of the temp. in the ordered pairs. Use a graphing utility to plot the data points (t, T) and (t, T-24). An exponential model for the data (t, T-24) is T-24 = 54.4(0.964)^t. Solve for T.
T=
Graph the model. Compare the result with the plot of the original data.
b. Use a graphing utility to plot the points (t, ln(T-24)) and observe that the points appear to be linear. Use the regression feature of the graphing utility to fit a line to these data. This resulting line has the form ln(T-24) = at + b, which is equivalent to e^(ln(T-24)) = e^(at+b). Solve for T, and verify that the result is equivalent to the model in part (b). Round all numerical values to 3 decimal places).
T=
c. Fit a rational model to the data. Take the reciprocals of the y-coordinates of the revised data points to generate the points. (t, 1/(T-24))
Use a graphing utility to graph these points and observe that they appear to be linear. Use the regression feature of a graphing utility to fit a line to these data. The resulting line has the form 1/(T - 24) = at + b.
Solve for T. (Round all numerical values to 4 decimal places). Use a graphing utility the rational function and the original data points.
T=