Indicate whether the following generalizations suggest a positive or negative relationship. Also speculate about whether or not these generalizations reflect simple cause-effect relationships. Preschool children who delay gratification (postponing eating one marshmallow to win two) subsequently receive higher teacher evaluations of adolescent competencies. College students who take longer to finish a test perform more poorly on that test. Heavy smokers have shorter life expectancies. Infants who experience longer durations of breastfeeding score higher on IQ tests in later childhood.