G proteins are a family of receptor proteins that are involved in transmitting signals from outside a cell to inside a cell. When a signaling molecule binds to a G protein, the G protein is activated. The G protein then activates an enzyme that produces a second messenger called cAMP.
Which of the following describes a critical role of cAMP during the transduction stage of a G protein signal transduction pathway?
answer choices
- cAMP carries the signal to the nucleus of the cell and results in new sequences of nucleotides being added to the cell’s DNA.
- cAMP binds the extracellular signal molecule and carries it to the intracellular target specified by the signal.
- cAMP modifies a specific monomer so that it can be added to an elongating structural macromolecule.
- cAMP results in the activation of an enzyme that amplifies the signal by acting on many substrate molecules.