The African slave trade
a. had little impact on the level of violence and warfare in Africa.
b. reduced warfare and violence in Africa because all the African states united against the European slavers.
c. increased warfare and violence in Africa because of the increasing demand for prisoners who could be sold as slaves.
d. died out with the discovery of the South Asian Spice Islands.
e. was carried out peacefully, as wars or violence would reduce the number of slaves and thus profits.