Answer :
A hierarchical arrangement of party workers, often organized in an urban area to help integrate immigrants and minority groups into the political system is called a political machine.
In representative democracies, a political machine refers to a party organization that recruits members by the use of tangible incentives (such as money or political jobs) and that is characterized by a high degree of leadership control over member activity. The primary objective of a political machine is keeping itself in power rather than providing good government, however machines have been responsible for restructuring city governments to centralize authority, improving facilities and services, helping to assimilate immigrant groups, and encouraging the growth of business and industry. Hence, due to the rapid growth of urban areas in the 19th century, political machines were effective in helping integrate immigrates and minority groups into political system.
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