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Communications satellites generally occupy a special orbit in which they go completely around the Earth once a day; since the Earth also turns once a day, the satellite is therefore always over the same point on the ground. Your satellite dish can then always be pointed at the same location in the sky.
A typical electromagnetic signal from a communications satellite might have an intensity of 0.750 pW/m2 at the surface of the Earth. Your satellite dish collects the energy of the electromagnetic signal from the satellite; then your dish passes that energy to its central receiver, where the signal can be processed by a circuit. The area of a satellite dish can be calculated from pi (3.1416) times the radius squared. If your satellite dish has a radius of 0.38 m, and if it is receiving the signal described above, how much electromagnetic energy is reflected to the central receiver in 3.5 minutes? Give your answer in picojoules.



Answer :

In 3.5 minutes, the electromagnetic energy of the signal stated above, 71.45 pJ, is reflected to the main receiver.

Intensity = 0.75 x 10⁻¹² W/m²

Intensity = Power / Area

here, Area = A = π r = π (0.38)² = 0.4536 m²

so, Power = 0.75 x 10⁻¹² x 0.4536 = 3.402 x 10⁻¹³ W

Energy = Power x time

here, time = 3.5 minutes = 3.5 x 60 seconds

therefore, energy reflected = 3.402 x 10⁻¹³ x 3.5 x 60 = 71.45 x 10⁻¹² J = 71.45 pJ

this is the energy reflected the central receiver in 3.5 minutes.

Radiation with electromagnetic properties is electromagnetic energy. The energy connected to electromagnetic waves is commonly referred to by this phrase. Energy is what causes these waves to move through any medium. Photons, a unit of light energy that electromagnetic radiation travels in, are free of charge and mass. One of the most significant elements in the cosmos is electromagnetic energy. The force behind the electromagnetic waves is it.

When a force outside of the electrical charge accelerates it, electromagnetic energy is released. As a result of the acceleration, a wave of alternating magnetic and electric fields is created. This wave separates from the charge and flows independently through the medium.

The discrete energy packets known as photons make up electromagnetic waves.

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