According to the emergent norm theory, groups of people congregate when a crisis causes them to reassess their preconceived notions of acceptable behavior and come up with new ones.
The emergent norm theory was created by sociologists Ralph Turner and Lewis Killian in 1993 using older sociological concepts as a foundation. They contend that the norms that individuals in a group may encounter vary and change throughout time.
According to the emerging norm hypothesis, unorthodox conduct (like that connected to collective action) emerges in crowds as a result of the creation of new behavioral norms in response to a crisis.
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