when two dice are tossed, each of the 36 possible pairs of faces is equally likely to come up. the outcome of interest to a gambler is the sum of the pips on the two up-faces. after the dice are rolled the first time, several bets lose if a 8 is then rolled. if any outcome other than a 8 occurs, these bets either win or continue to the next roll. what is the probability that anything other than a 8 is rolled?