An example of an inductive argument would be if someone said, "The sun has risen every day that we have observed it, so we can conclude that it will rise tomorrow." An example of a deductive argument would be if someone said, "All men are mortal, so we can conclude that Socrates is mortal."
Deductive reasoning is top-down logic. It starts with a generalization, or hypothesis, and then applies the generalization to a specific problem, drawing a specific conclusion from the general principle. For example, "All men are mortal" is a generalization. Applying that generalization to a specific problem, we can deduce that "Socrates is mortal."
Inductive reasoning is bottom-up logic. It starts with specific observations and then draws a generalization from them. For example, we observe that the sun rises every morning. From this, we can inductively conclude that "the sun will rise tomorrow."
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