10. Passage 5 Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it. World peace is threatened by the numerous racial conflicts around the globe Most racial situations today experto involve a characteristic confrontation Generally, these situations emanate from accumulated experiences and memories of the past and frustrations and grievances of the present, these are the two main things which determine the mood in which people meet and give birth to prejudices and attitudes which get in the way of mutual understanding 10b. 10c. 10d. 10e. 10f. 10g 10h. The most common conflict situation is the one in which one group is convinced of its superiority, suppresses another, usually a minority group. It members tend to assume that their dominance is ordained by heaven and therefore unchangeable. On the other hand the minority group often feels it had been deprived of its rights and tries to re-establish them. It is usually excluded from all positions of honour in the community and relegated to menial task Its self-confidence is systematically assailed and sometimes undermined. Faced with such flagrant abuses, minority groups have reacted to their condition in a number of ways. slavery, the African American developed a group In North America for example, apart from resisti consciousness, which provided a basis for a kind of Black Nationalism This consciousness is rebellion against the white man's religion and civilization which is regarded as part of an arrangement to enslave and humiliate the black man. There have been two trends in this Black Nationalism. One school of thought championed by Frederick Douglass sought to secure the rights of the black man in multiracial society. The other movement, whose major adherents included Marcus Gavey and Delany, aimed at building a black society in isolation. Another situation, which is not only puzzling but also very explosive, is that in which there exists an unbridgeable gap between races that have lived together for long periods. Over the years, resentment has been built up to the point of hatred. Time, one would think, should enable people to come together to be adjusted to the strangeness to each other's culture, and to accommodate themselves to social and psychological conditions that contracts create. Yet when one looks at the enigmatic situation in the former Yugoslavia, Rwanda, and even Northern Sierra Leone, one finds that members of the same community are in fact separated by an invisible but real and palpable barrier What else than the attitude that all together excludes the desire to co-exist can cause this? And this been so, it becomes almost impossible for the races to see one another as they really are This antagonism has led to the disintegration of nations and societies. One should however not despair because the international community knows the answer to the problem of hatred and intolerance that is tearing some nations apart. It knows that the solution is to be found in the society of free men and equal opportunities for everyone to exercise their abilities 10a. For each of the following words, find another word or phrase that means the same and which can replace it in the passage: iii. puzzling iv. resentment v. disintegration i. emanate ii. abuses State three causes of racial conflicts According to the passage, which nation drives one race to oppress another? Give two ways in which minority groups are suppressed State the difference between the two trends in the Black Nationalism According to the passage, what should people do to prevent racial conflicts? Invisible i. What part of speech is this word? ii. What is its function in its context? From your reading of the last paragraph what is the writer's attitude towards the problem of racial conflict? Answer the following from the above .
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