Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of salt water displaced by the ship is less.
For floating objects, the weight of the displaced fluid equals the weight of the object. For a more dense fluid, less of that fluid needs to be displaced to create a fluid weight equal to the weight of the object. Since the salt water is more dense, it will not need as much displaced.
The overall density of the ship is less than the density of the water. A ship is constructed to be watertight. Because it is watertight, the metal is able to enclose a volume of air sufficient to lower the average density to less than 1. If it were not watertight, the water would rush in, displace the air, and because metal is more dense than water it would not float. This is what is known as “sinking”, and why ships do not work when they have holes in them.
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