4. A Space Z engineer is testing the design of a new heat shield for its Komodo spacecraft. The design is meant to prevent
the interior of the shield from reaching a temperature of 200◦C. Over the course of 24 trials, the average temperature
of the shield was 194.37◦C with a standard deviation of 4.29◦C. Assume all temperature measurements follow a normal
distribution.

(a) Test at the 1% level of significance if the shield’s average temperature is less than 200◦C.

(b) Explain a Type I error in the context of the data.