Active transport moves substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution (against a concentration gradient). This requires energy from respiration.
Examples of active transport are:
• Mineral ions absorbed into plant root hairs from very dilute solutions in the soil. Plants require ions for healthy growth.

• Sugar molecules absorbed from lower concentrations in the gut into the blood, which has a higher sugar concentration. Sugar molecules are used for cell respiration.
You should be able to describe how substances are transported into and out of cells by diffusion, osmosis and active transport, and explain the differences between the three processes.

Sugar can be absorbed by active transport in the intestine. Give two uses for the sugar.