The figures below illustrate the similarities between ATP synthesis in mitochondria and chloroplasts.
ATP synthesis in mitochondrion. A horizontal line across the figure is labeled inner mitochondrial membrane, with four oval structures sitting across the membrane in series, touching each other, and another large structure some distance away also sitting across the membrane. There are several hydrogen ions below the membrane. NADH above the membrane pushes an electron into the first oval structure, which passes it through the next three structures. Three of the ovals are pumping hydrogen ions from above to below the membrane. The electron returns above the membrane and produces an H two O molecule with the addition of a proton and O two. On the other structure ADP plus Pi form ATP across the structure as the structure pumps hydrogen ions from below the membrane to above the membrane. ATP synthesis in chloroplast. A horizontal line across the figure is labeled thylakoid membrane, with three oval structures sitting across the membrane in series, touching each other, and another large structure some distance away also sitting across the membrane. There are several hydrogen ions below the membrane. H two O above the membrane pushes an electron into the first oval structure and releases a proton and O two. The electron passes through the next two oval structures while one oval pumps hydrogen ions from above to below the membrane. The electron returns above the membrane into a reaction of NADP plus and a proton to NADPH. On the other structure ADP plus Pi form ATP across the structure as the structure pumps hydrogen ions from below the membrane to above the membrane.
The figures can best assist in answering which of the following questions?
Responses
Do electron transport chains create a gradient so that ATP synthase can generate ATP molecules?
Do electron transport chains create a gradient so that ATP synthase can generate ATP molecules?
What are the sources of energy that drive mitochondrial and chloroplast electron transport systems?
What are the sources of energy that drive mitochondrial and chloroplast electron transport systems?
What is the optimal temperature at which ATP synthase chemically converts ADP and a phosphate group into one molecule of ATP?
What is the optimal temperature at which ATP synthase chemically converts ADP and a phosphate group into one molecule of ATP?
What is the evolutionary relationship between the ATP synthase in mitochondria and the ATP synthase in chloroplasts?
