Farmers were able to exchange their surplus crops, which allowed them to plant more crops and increase their population.
Humans were able to domesticate plants during the Neolithic Age, which led to an increase in crop production. Because there was more food available to support a larger population, this resulted in a rise in society's population.
The farmers had surplus crops since they were able to produce so much food. These crops were then exchanged for other commodities and services within the same civilization or with other societies, which greatly increased early trade.
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