Read the excerpt from The Republic by Plato.

But with the judge it is otherwise; since he governs mind by mind; he ought not therefore to have been trained among vicious minds, and to have associated with them from youth upwards, and to have gone through the whole calendar of crime, only in order that he may quickly infer the crimes of others as he might their bodily diseases from his own self-consciousness; the honourable mind which is to form a healthy judgment should have had no experience or contamination of evil habits when young. And this is the reason why in youth good men often appear to be simple, and are easily practised upon by the dishonest, because they have no examples of what evil is in their own souls.

Which rhetorical appeal does the speaker use in this excerpt?

kairos, because he highlights how pressing this issue is
pathos, because he caters to readers’ emotions
ethos, because he relies on a respected figure
logos, because he presents a logical argument