Read the excerpt from "Indian Emigration.”

It is said, "they (the Cherokees,) have by the exchange freed themselves from the harrassing [sic] and ruinous effects consequent upon a location amidst a white population.” But time will soon prove the contrary; Difficulties of a new and more serious nature await them.

Which rhetorical appeal is most evident in this excerpt?

ethos
kairos
logos
pathos