Evolution is one of the unifying themes of biology. Evolution involves change in the frequencies of alleles in a
population. For a particular genetic locus in a population, the frequency of the recessive allele (a) is 0.4 and the
frequency of the dominant allele (A) is 0.6.
(a) What is the frequency of each genotype (A4, Aa, aa) in this population? What is the frequency of the dominant
phenotype?
(b) How can the Hardy-Weinberg principle of genetic equilibrium be used to determine whether this population is
evolving?
(c) Identify a particular environmental change and describe how it might alter allelic frequencies in this
population. Explain which condition of the Hardy-Weinberg principle would not be met.



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