Answer :
The statement 'the data show a correlation between age and heart rate' is the best explanation of the pattern in the data (Option C).
What are causation and correlation?
Causation means that a given outcome (i.e, the independent variable, in this case age) may lead to a modification the dependent variable (in this case the hearth rate), whereas correlation indicated a relationship between variables.
In conclusion, the statement 'the data show a correlation between age and heart rate' is the best explanation of the pattern in the data (Option C).
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