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Rome
Pax Romana
(27 BCE-180 CE)
During a period of few wars and strong
emperors, Roman scholars, artists,
architects, engineers, writers, and
philosophers studied Greek texts and
trandated them into Latin and learned
from Greek structures to create their own
art, literary, and scientific achievements.
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Venice, Florence, and Milan
Italian City States
Renaissance
(1300s-1600s)
Birthplace of the Renaissance.
Athens
Golden Age of Pericles
(480 BCE-404 BCE)
During a brief era of peace because of their strong military and
strong leadership from Pericles, the Athenian government funded
building projects like the Acropolis and literature, sculpture, and
philosophy flourished.
4. List the golden ages in the graphic above in chronological order.
Styles
Constantinople
Byzantine Empire
(323 CE-1453 CE)
Ottoman Empire
(1453 CE-1923 CE)
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire,
Constantinople became the center of learning in
the Christian world. Byzantine scholars preserved
Greek and Roman texts. In addition, they built on
the architectural achievements of Rome, building
structures like Hagia Sophia and the Hippodrome.
Baghdad
Abbasid Caliphate
(750 CE-1258 CE)
In the 800s, the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad started collecting Greek and Roman texts
to build a great center of learning called the House of Wisdom. He sent scholars to
Constantinople to obtain copies of ancient writings on literature, poetry, math,
science, and art. The manuscripts were then translated into Arabic. Located in the
Middle East, Baghdad also received knowledge from the Chinese and Indians from the
east through trade. Islamic scientists made advances in
medicine and astronomy.
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