Answer :
Each characteristic describes romanticism or the Enlightenment.
1) national identity based on language or culture - Romanticism
2) the importance of reason and science in studying society - Enlightenment
3) an intellectual and artistic movement - Romanticism
4) democratic principles based on basic human rights - Enlightenment
5) questioning of the absolute control of monarchs - Enlightenment
6) a response to the ideals of rationalism - Romanticism
The Age of Enlightenment, or simply the Enlightenment, was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries, with global influences and effects.
The Enlightenment, a philosophical movement that dominated Europe during the 18th century, centered on the idea that reason was the primary source of authority and legitimacy and promoted such ideals as liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, constitutional government, and the separation of church and state .
The Enlightenment, also known as the Age of Reason, was an eighteenth-century intellectual and cultural movement that emphasized reason over superstition and science over blind faith.
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