In these equations, 5 , and sy are the standard deviations of variables x and y , respectively, while x and y are the means of those two variables. (See the Scientific Skills Exercise for Chapter 32 for more information about the correlation coefficient, mean, and standard deviation.)
As described in the Scientific Skills Exercise for Chapter 32, the formula for a correlation coefficient is
r = [ (1/n-1) ∑(xi - x)(y -y) ] / Sn5y
Fill in the column in the data table for the product xi - x × (yi - y) . Use these values and the standard deviations calculated in Question 1 to calculate the correlation coefficient r between the brain volume of hominin species (y) and the ages of those species (x) .