What is the difference between an amorphous solid and a crystalline solid on the macroscopic and molecular levels? Give an example of each.



Answer :

The ions are grouped in a certain pattern called the crystal lattice and the geometry of crystalline materials is more fixed. Amorphous solids, on the other hand, have molecules inside that are dispersed and not ordered in any specific order.

Because all of the atoms, molecules, or ions that make up a crystalline solid are equally spaced from the same number and variety of neighbors, the intermolecular forces holding the solid together are uniform, and as a result, crystals tend to have relatively sharp, well-defined melting points. example: Quartz. Because its components are not ordered in a regular manner, amorphous solids form pieces with uneven, frequently curved surfaces when they are cut or shattered. They also exhibit poorly defined patterns when exposed to x-rays. Example: Glass

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Crystalline solids typically have sharp melting points, well-defined edges and faces, and exhibit x-ray diffractively. Amorphous solids, on the other hand, have wavy or uneven surfaces, poorly resolved x-ray diffraction patterns, and a wide temperature range for melting.

The relative arrangement of the atoms or molecules in space distinguishes an amorphous solid from a crystalline solid. Amorphous solids do not have a defined spatial arrangement, whereas crystalline solids have. Depending on the circumstances it is exposed to, a substance can either be crystalline or amorphous. Solid water would be an illustration. Depending on how it was created, it can either be crystalline or amorphous.

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