In each equation, label the acids, bases, and conjugate pairs:NH₃ + HNO₃ ⇆ NH⁺₄ + NO₃⁻

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23-08-2022
Chemistry

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In each equation, label the acids, bases, and conjugate pairs:NH₃ + HNO₃ ⇆ NH⁺₄ + NO₃⁻

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Tutorconsortium367 Tutorconsortium367 · Answer 1 · 2022-08-31T10:58:27-04:00

The conjugate acid pair for HNO₃ is NO₃⁻, and the conjugate base pair for NH₃ is NH⁺₄.

First, we must determine which is the acid and which is the base. Bases are the proton acceptor, while acids are the proton donor.

NH₃ + HNO₃ ⇆ NH⁺₄ + NO₃⁻

In this situation, it is clear that HNO₃ gave its proton to NH₃ to create NH⁺₄ and NO₃⁻. Thus, HNO₃ is the acidic and NH₃ is the basic.

Acid = HNO₃

Base = NH₃

Conjugate Acid = NO₃⁻

Conjugate Base = NH⁺₄

What are conjugate pairs?

The Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory states that a conjugate acid is a chemical compound that is produced when an acid donates a proton (H+) to a base. In other words, the base has had a hydrogen ion added to it, as in the opposite reaction, the base loses a hydrogen ion.

Contrarily, a conjugate base is what is left over when an acid contributes a proton during a chemical reaction. As a result, since it can gain a hydrogen ion in the inverse reaction, a conjugate base is a species that is generated by taking a proton out of an acid.

Since some acids have the ability to release a large number of protons, the conjugate base of an acid might likewise be acidic.

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