Answer :

Applying the vertical angle theorem, the measure of the missing angles are:

e = 31

f = 72

d = 77

What is the Vertical Angle Theorem?

The vertical angles theorem states that two angles that are vertically opposite to each other have equal measures.

Angle e and 31 degrees are vertical angles. Therefore, based on the vertical angles theorem,

e = 31 degrees.

Also, d = 77 degrees [vertical angles theorem].

e + 77 + f = 180 degrees [straight line angles have a sum of 180 degrees].

Substitute the value of e into the equation

31 + 77 + f = 180

108 + f = 180

Subtract 108 from both sides

108 + f - 108 = 180 - 108

f = 72 degrees.

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